针对综放沿空掘巷围岩的特点，提出了综放沿空掘巷围岩大、小结构的稳定性原理，为锚杆支护的成功应用提供了理论依据.对老顶中的弧三角形关键块的受力特点、在掘巷期间和回采影响期间的稳定情况以及对其下的沿空掘巷的影响进行了分析.探讨了影响围岩小结构稳定性的主要因素；应用巷道锚杆支护围岩强度强化理论，研究了提高锚杆预紧力和支护强度对保持围岩小结构稳定性的重要意义.%Based on the characteristics of rock surrounding roadway driven along goaf in fully mechanized top coal caving face, the stability principle of big and small structures is put forward, which provides a theory basis to the application of bolting. The mechanical characteristics of arc-triangle key block in main roof and the stability of roadway in the periods of drivage and extraction and the effect on the roadway driven along the next goaf are analyzed. The main factors which affect the stability of small structure of surrounding are discussed. The bolting surrounding strength reforcement theory is applied to study the important significance of improving the pretension of bolting and the support strength.
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