煤层气资源可动用性定性/半定量评价方法研究

摘要

煤层气资源可动用性是指由煤层水文地质条件和煤层压裂改造条件共同决定的煤层气资源开发动用的难易程度,煤层气资源可动用性评价与煤层气储集条件评价构成煤层气资源可采性评价的两个重要方面.通过沁水盆地柿庄区块和寿阳区块排采效果差异的分析对比,从煤系地层含水性、断裂构造、地应力状态和煤层与围岩的岩性组合4个方面深入讨论煤层气资源可动用性的评价问题,进而提出煤层气资源可动用性定性/半定量评价方法.研究表明:煤系地层的含水性对区块整体的煤层气资源可动用性影响很大;断裂的天然水力连通作用降低了井筒-压裂煤层系统的封闭性,导致断裂附近的煤层气资源可动用性弱,且煤系地层含水性越强,断裂附近煤层气井高产水的风险就越大,煤层气资源的可动用性就越弱;煤层所处的地应力状态和围岩的岩性组合共同构成井层煤层气资源可动用性的客观条件,地应力状态影响人工压裂缝的方位,对可动用性产生重要影响,而煤层与围岩的岩性组合客观上决定煤层气的可动用性,但结合应力状态、水平应力强度和压裂规模的综合分析,才能做出更科学的判断.煤层气资源的可动用性评价方法基于层次分析的思想,综合考虑了煤系地层含水性、断裂、地应力状态和煤层与围岩岩性组合4个方面,可应用于煤层气选区评价和井层优选.%Coalbed methane (CBM) exploitation feasibility is determined by both hydrogeological conditions and hydraulic fracturing conditions of coal seams.Exploitation feasibility evaluation and reservoir evaluation constitute two important aspects of coalbed methane recoverability.In this paper,through the drainage efficiency comparison between Shouyang and Shizhuang CBM blocks in Qinshui Basin,CBM exploitation feasibility evaluation was discussed from four aspects,including coal measures aquosity,faulting,in-situ-stress state and the lithology combination of coalbed with adjacent rocks.An evaluation flow chart for CBM exploitation feasibility evaluation was finally proposed.The study shows that coal measures aquosity plays an important role in the CBM exploitation feasibility of whole CBM Block.The hydraulic communication between coal seams and surrounding aquifers through faults weakens the closeness of wellbore-fracturing coal system,leading to lower exploitation feasibility of CBM resources near the faults.The stronger the coal measures aquosity is,the greater risk of high water production in wells near faults will take place and the lower exploitation feasibility will be.The in-situ stress state of coalbed and lithology combination of coal seams with adjacent rocks constitute the objective conditions of CBM exploitation feasibility,and a comprehensive evaluation of exploitation feasibility should be done through combining in-situ stress state,the strength of horizontal stress and fracturing volumes.The qualitative/semi-quantitative evaluation method of CBM exploitation feasibility,based on hierarchy analysis considering coal measures aquosity,faults,the in-situ stress state and the lithology combination of coal seams with adjacent rocks,can be applied to CBM block selection and well/coalbeds selection through the whole process of CBM exploration and development.