热带次表层海温对中国东部夏季气候的影响

摘要

Thermal condition in the tropical sea is one of the main impact factors of climate change in China. In order to study the tropical subsurface sea temperature climate, the influences of subsurface sea temperature anomalies over tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans to the temperature and precipitation in the east in summer by the analysis of correlation and composition. The results indicate that, when the warmer(colder) subsurface sea temperature appears in the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean, at the same time, the colder(warmer) subsurface sea temperature appears in the middle Indian Ocean and eastern Pacific in winter, the precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river is less(more) and the precipitation in the South China, North China and Northeast China is more(less), widespread high(low) temperature in the east in summer. The way of effect is possibly that the response of East Asian summer monsoon circulation on subsurface sea temperature anomalies over tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans leads to interannual variation of East Asian summer monsoon, which causes the abnormal distributions of climate in the east in summer.%热带海洋热状况是影响中国气候变化的主要因子之一,为了研究热带次表层海温如何影响中国气候,通过相关计算和合成分析等方法讨论了热带太平洋至印度洋次表层海温异常对中国东部夏季降水和温度的影响.结果表明:当冬季赤道东印度洋至西太平洋次表层海温偏暖(偏冷),中印度洋和东太平洋次表层海温偏冷(偏暖),夏季,长江中下游地区降水偏少(偏多),华南、华北和东北大部地区降水偏多(偏少);中国东部大范围高温(低温).其可能的影响途径为,东亚夏季风环流对热带次表层海温异常的响应导致了其年际变化,进而引起中国东部夏季气候的异常分布.