Using the methods of literature review, descriptive research, inductive inference, logic analysis and syn-thesis, the present paper discussed the post-2000 relevant studies on the definition, assessment approach and check-and-balance system of the competitive balance of professional sports leagues in China in the hope of laying a foundation for future research and theoretical advancement. The results show that:1. The concept of competitive balance can be defined in its broad sense and narrow sense so that it can be better understood. 2. In order to make scientific evaluation of the competitive balance of professional sports leagues in its narrow sense, the result-oriented assessment approach must be changed, therefore, a scientific model of assessment should be developed. 3. The current check-and-balance system involves many factors and is too complicated in structure. Therefore, it is advisable to classify the system according to its subject, object and economic or competitive strength. In addition to the above findings, the present paper also discussed the status quo of and problems on the competitive balance of professional sports leagues including its research methods, objects, con-tents, and results and proposed some questions in relation to its research orientation, to which due attention should be paid.%本文通过文献资料、归纳以及逻辑分析等方法，从竞争性平衡的概念、竞争性平衡衡量方法以及维持竞争性平衡的制衡制度等三个方面，探讨分析2000－2015年国内职业体育联赛竞争性平衡理论的相关研究成果，旨在为今后深入研究和理论体系的建立提供依据。同时从研究方法、研究对象与研究内容以及研究结果上分析探讨了职业体育联赛竞争性平衡理论的现状与问题。并且在此综述的基础上提出今后研究需要关注的几个问题。
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