一种无线传感器网络节点局部动态自组织方法

摘要

面向水环境监测应用，提出了一种无线传感器网络节点动态组簇方法。该方法基于元胞自动机原理，设计了二维目标跟随元胞自动机模型。该模型以监测目标的运动特性以及相邻传感器节点状态为约束条件，使参与监测的传感器节点实现动态的组织。每个节点根据动态簇的预测信息，计算自身的休眠／活跃概率值，通过与设定的闽值比较，决定节点的休眠或活跃状态，完成退出或加入监测的动态簇。由于此方法能自适应地根据探测目标的位置和周围节点的状态重设自己的状态，因此，能够获得最佳监测效果。仿真实验表明，在探测目标不断运动的情况下，算法能很好地进行活跃节点的选择，实现能量在全局的均衡使用，大大提高了网络生存期。%For the applications of water environment monitoring,this paper presents a method for dynamic grouping clusters of wireless sensor network. Such a method designs a model of two-dimensional target follow cellular automaton machine, based on cellular automata machine theory. The model makes the motion charac- teristics of target and status of the adjacent sensor device nodes as constraint conditions, so that the sensor nodes involved in monitoring can be organized dynamically. Each node calculates its own sleep/active proba- bility value,according to forecast information of dynamic cluster,as well as decides nodes in sleep or active state to complete exiting or joining a dynamic monitored cluster,through a set threshold value. Because~this method can reset their own states adaptively according to the position of detected targets and states of nodes a- round the objects,it is able to get the best monitoring results. The simulation results show that the algorithm can do well in active node selections while the detected targets keep continuous movements,so the algorithm can a- chieve balanced usage of energy in the overall situation,as well as the great improvement of network lifetime.