在陶瓷微滤膜过滤过程中，微生物以及其胞外聚合物在膜表面和孔道内的滋生和黏附造成二次污染，严重影响了陶瓷膜的使用效果及使用寿命。文章通过实验研究了受污染陶瓷膜的微生物污染情况。结果表明，陶瓷膜运行过程中，膜通量下降为初始计通量的40％左右停止使用，需进行反冲洗，陶瓷膜停止使用7 d 以上未进行冲洗的无法直接使用，需进行进一步处理；膜通量衰减速度随温度升高而升高，夏季要明显快于冬季，在温度为15℃以下的冬季使用，受污染膜表面的微生物生长不明显，陶瓷膜可连续间歇运行，无需过多地冲洗；腐殖酸能够为滋生的微生物提供生长、繁殖的条件，是引起微生物污染的主要成分；投加适量的次氯酸钠，可有效提高膜通量，是控制膜管微生物污染的有效方法。%In the filtration process of ceramic micro-filtration membrane,the growth and adhesion of the microbes and their extracellular polymer in the membrane surface and the pores can cause secondary pol-lution,and consequently have a serious influence on the use effect and service life of ceramic membrane. This paper is an experimental research of microbial pollution on contaminated ceramic membrane.Results show that: In the running process of ceramic membrane,the membrane should be stopped from using for back flush when the flux is reduced to about 40% of the initial flux.The ceramic membrane which is out of use for more than 7 days and is not washed is not ready for direct use and needs further processing.The at-tenuation rate of membrane flux rises as the temperature goes up,significantly faster in summer than in win-ter.When the ceramic membrane is used below 15 ℃ in winter,the growth of microorganism on the contam-inated surface is not obvious and the ceramic membrane allows continually intermittent operation,with no need of too much hydraulic flushing.Humic acid,which provides favorable conditions for microorganism growth and reproduction,is the main ingredient causing the microbial contamination.Sodium hypochlorite can effectively increase the membrane flux if added in a right amount,and can be regarded accordingly as a feasible way to control the microbial contamination of membrane tube.
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