以铁合金生产车间为研究对象,利用Fluent软件对车间内矿热炉生产过程中塌料事故的烟尘扩散规律进行非稳态的数值模拟.对连续相和离散相,分别采用标准k～ε模型和DPM模型,分析不同风速和风向的烟尘扩散规律.研究结果表明:当风速在2 m/s以下时,南风能更有效地排除烟尘,并且风速越大,清洁作用越明显；当塌料事故结束时,不论何种风速或风向,车间内烟尘污染面积达到最大；在300 s且无风时最大烟尘质量浓度是风速为4 m/s时的36.6倍；车间内的死角是烟尘最难排出的地方,北风风速为0.2 m/s的最大停留时间长达4 800 s.%Taking ferroalloy plant as example, the fluent software was used to simulate the unsteady flow of particle dispersion in the workshop when slag surge occurs in the electric furnace. Standard k-e equation was adopted for continuous phase and particle stochastic trajectory model for discrete phase. At different wind speeds and in different directions, the flow field distribution of gas phase and trajectory of particle phase were obtained through computation. The results show that with low wind speed (less than 2 m/s), the south wind is more effective to remove the dust, and the greater the wind speed, the better the cleaning effect. Besides, regardless of wind speed or wind direction, when the slag surge is over, the dust pollution area is the biggest in the workshop. The maximum concentration of dust without wind is 36.6 times than that of wind speed of 4 m/s at 300 s. Comers of the workshop are the most difficult places for dust to clear up. The maximum residence time at north wind of 0.2 m/s is 4 800 s.
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