以4-硝基邻苯二甲腈和4,4'-二氯甲基联苯为原料合成高残碳的邻苯二甲腈基联苯酚醛(PBN)树脂,并采用高温发泡法制备PBN中空微球.通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜及漂浮率测试,研究表面活性剂、发泡剂及油浴温度对PBN中空微球形貌和中空结构的影响.研究结果表明:随着表面活性剂和发泡剂质量的增加及油浴温度的升高,PBN中空微球的分散性逐步改善,漂浮率先增加后有所减小,但过高的发泡剂质量和油浴温度会造成微球结构破损;在150℃下,当FY-F501(表面活性剂)和4,4'-氧代双苯磺酰肼(发泡剂)质量分别为PBN树脂的13.0%和4.5%时,制备的PBN中空微球球形度高,分散性好,尺寸均一,漂浮率高.%Phthalonitrile biphenyl novolac (PBN) was synthesized with 4-nitro-phthalonitrile and 4,4-dichloro-diphenyl- methyl as raw materials, and hollow microspheres of phthalonitrile biphenyl novolac resin with high char yield were prepared in the matrix of PBN by foaming at high temperature. The effects of surfactants, blowing agents and oil bath temperature on morphology and structure of PBN hollow microspheres were studied by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and floating rate test. The results show that dispersibility of hollow microspheres is gradually improved with the increase of oil bath temperature and the amount of surfactants and blowing agent. However, floating rate of these microspheres increases firstly and then decreases. Microspheres are damaged with excessive blowing agents and high oil bath temperature. PBN hollow microspheres with high degree of sphericity, uniform size and high floating rate are prepared at 150℃ when the amount of FY-F501(surfactant) and 4,4'-oxybis benzenesulfonylhydrazide (blowing agent) is 13.0% and 4.5%,respectively.
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