针对传统的树高和树冠测量方法的缺点,提出利用无棱镜全站仪进行树高和树冠测量的新方法.首先,通过测量树顶与树根的高程差获得树的高度.其次,测量树冠在各方向上的最大伸展点的坐标,用以生成树冠投影面的多边形.然后,通过树影测量确定弧段弦高,再以弧段取代直线拟合多边形,以匹配树冠投影面的实际形状.最后,将结果与有棱镜全站仪和三维激光扫描仪的结果进行了比较.结果显示,该方法的精度略低于三维激光扫描仪,而大大高于有棱镜全站仪.由于无棱镜全站仪的价格仅为三维激光扫描仪的10％,该方法无疑更适合于野外林业调查.%Aimed at the disadvantage of traditional measure method of height and crown of tree, a new measure me tod based on non-prism total station was proposed. Firstly, height of tree was obtained by measuring height difference of trcetop and root. Secondly, coordinations of outermost points in all direction of crown were measured. The polygon of projection plane of tree crown was created by these points. Thridly. Chord height of arc was determined by measuring the shadow of tree. Fourthly, the sides of polygon of projection plane were replaced by arc to match the real shape of tree crown. Finally, the measure results of non-pnsim total station were compared with prisim total station and three dimentiaonal laser scanner. The results show that the precision of non-prism total station slightly lower than three dimentiaonal laser scanner and much higher than prism total station. Because the price of non-prism total station is only 10% of three dimentiaonal laser scanner, this method undoubtly was suitable to field forestry investigation.
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