By taking the main cultivar Yanshanzaofeng (which fruits early and bears more) in the full bearing early period as testing materials, in the growth and development stages Eight different ratio of leaf-to-involucre of chestnut trees were chosen [No.l(10～15 : l),No.2(16～21 : l),No.3 (22～27 : 1) , No.4 (28～33 : 1) ,No.5(34～39 : 1), No.6 (40～45 : 1) , No.7 (46～51 : 1) , No.8 (52～57 : 1) ]; in different directions of crown periphery to choose physical maturity leaves on mid-head piece of bearing breaches, the leaves' photosynthetic characteristic were measured in order to analyze the differences and correlation among the chlorophyll, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) , transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), water use efficiency (WUE), nut quality, which include the content of fat, crude protein, starch(amylase and amylopectin), Ca and Mg. The results show that among file indexes there were significant differences under the condition of different leaf-to-involucre ratios; when the leaf-to-involucre ratio was 4, the indexes of photosynthetic characteristic of Pn and Tr reached peak values, being 5.056 umol/(m2s) and 2.729 umol/(m2s), while the content of starch was up to a maximum of 46.33 %, and the amylopectin was 35.33%,which is related with waxiness of starch. Therefor, the leaf-to-involucre ratio should keep at 28～33 : 1 on full fruit preliminary stage of Chinese chestnut.%以盛果初期的河北迁西主栽品种“燕山早丰”为试材,在果实生长发育期选取8种不同叶苞比(叶苞比1 (10～15∶1)、叶苞比2(16～21∶1)、叶苞比3(22～27∶1)、叶苞比4(28～33∶1)、叶苞比5(34～39∶1)、叶苞比6 (40～45∶1)、叶苞比7(46～51∶1)、叶苞比8(52～57∶1))的板栗树,在树冠外围东南西北不同方位,选择结果枝中上部生理成熟叶片进行光合特性测定,分析不同叶苞比条件下板栗叶片的叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、胞间CO2含量(Ci)、水分利用效率(WUE),以及果实品质相关指标,包括脂肪、粗蛋白质、淀粉(直链、支链)、Ca和Mg的含量.结果表明:不同叶苞比情况下,各项指标均存在显著差异.其中,在叶苞比4时,与光合特性相关的指标Pn和Tr达最高值,分别为5.056 μmol/(m2s)和2.729 μmol/(m2·s),与果实品质主要相关的淀粉含量达最大值,为46.33％,其中,与糯性相关的支链淀粉含量为35.33％.由此可见,盛果初期的板栗叶苞比控制在28～33∶1为宜.
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