气候变化对不同纬度马尾松径向生长的影响

摘要

The responses of tree ring width of Pinus massoniana at different latitudes (26°33′N: northetn part, 25°47’N: center part, 24°42′N: southern part) to climate changes in Nanling Mountains of south China were investigated by choosing P. massoniana sample trees and sampling sites. Samples were collected at the 1.3 meter height of sample trees and then dried, polished and measured ring wheel width by using LinTab5 type ring wheel measuring analysis system, according to the normal process of tree-ring analysis, the chronology was attained using the software ARSTAN to acquire the relationships between tree ring widths and climatic variables including temperature and precipitation after measuring and cross-dating these samples by COFECHA program and LINTAB program. Through correlation analysis, the responses of P. massoniana to the climate changes were studied. P. massoniana tree samples at three different latitudes in Nanling Mountains were used to build the chronology tree-ring width at different latitudes, explored the responses of tree growth to climate changes at different latitudes in 1951~2010, and then conducted a correlation analysis between climate factor and tree-ring width. The tree-ring width of the wood sample from the northern region was mainly influenced by the temperature of winter and summer. The rising temperatures of winter and summer promoted the radial growth of P. massoniana. Also in the central latitude region, the rising temperatures of winter promoted the radial growth, while the rising temperatures of summer, to some extent, inhibited the radial growth. The tree-ring widths from the southern region were mainly influenced by the climate of summer. The rising temperatures of summer inhibited the radial growth of P. massoniana. The radial growth was significantly associated with precipitation of the southern region. The radial growth of the central latitude region was related with precipitation in October of last year, but not significant.%以马尾松为研究对象，在南岭地区不同纬度（26°33′N，北部；25°47′N，中部；24°42′N，南部）分别设立样地，用生长锥法在树高1.3 m处钻取木芯，经晾干、打磨后，使用 LinTab5型年轮测量分析系统进行轮宽测量，利用 COFECHA 程序对年轮宽度序列进行交叉定年，运用 ARSTAN 程序建立了树轮宽度年表；利用相关分析统计方法，对年轮宽度与气候因子的相关性进行研究。结果表明：北部地区马尾松径向生长主要受冬季和夏季温度的影响，冬季和夏季温度的升高均促进了马尾松的径向生长；中部地区马尾松的径向生长主要受冬季和夏季温度的影响，冬季温度的升高促进了马尾松的径向生长，但夏季温度的升高在一定程度上抑制了马尾松的径向生长；南部地区马尾松的径向生长主要受夏季温度的影响，夏季温度的升高抑制了马尾松的生长。降水对马尾松径向生长的影响只与南部地区显著相关，中部地区马尾松的径向生长与上年10月的降水相关，但不显著。