九连山常绿阔叶林叶片化学元素的空间分布

摘要

在九连山国家级自然保护区选择两种生境类型的常绿阔叶林群落，即虾公塘山谷生境类型的群落和山脊生境类型的群落，分别设置群落样方进行调查、取样，并测量了不同植物、不同高度的叶片中12个化学元素的含量，分析、探讨叶片化学元素的空间分布规律。结果表明：群落Ⅰ为罗浮栲林，乔木有8科、12属、16种，群落Ⅱ为米槠林，乔木有10科、11属、14种。在物种水平上，不同植物叶片中的化学元素含量差异较大；不同生境类型条件下，山谷的草本层物种平均化学元素的含量顺序为K＞Ca＞Mg＞P＞Mn＞Na＞Fe＞Zn＞B＞Cu＞Se，山谷和山脊的灌木层物种平均化学元素含量顺序相同，为K＞Ca＞Mg＞P＞Mn＞Na＞Fe＞Zn＞B＞Cu＞Se，山谷的乔木层物种平均化学元素含量的顺序为K＞Ca＞Mg＞P＞Mn＞Na＞Fe＞Zn＞B＞Cu＞Se；山脊乔木层的物种平均化学元素含量顺序为K＞Ca＞Mg＞P＞Mn＞Na＞Fe＞B＞Zn＞Cu＞Se。其次，同一株植物体不同高度叶片中元素含量差异较大；叶片中元素Fe、Zn、Ca、Mg、B的含量随着枝条离地面的高度升高而减少。另外，不考虑树种种类，元素Fe、Zn、Ca、Mg、B随着采叶高度升高，叶片元素含量减少。九连山常绿阔叶林叶片元素K、Ca、N、Mg、Cu、Fe、Zn、Na、P随着海拔的升高，物种平均化学元素的含量降低，而在B的含量上随着海拔的升高而增大。%This study aims at two plant quadrats in evergreen broad-leaved forest communities of two habitat types(valley and ridge) from Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve. Contents of 12 chemical elements of leaves from different heights were measured and analyzed to explore their spatial distribution. Community I is Castanopsis fabre forest, with trees of 8 families, 12 genera and 16 species. Community II isCastanopsis carlesii forest, with trees of 10 families, 11 genera and 14 species. Chemical elements content in leaves among species showed significant difference. Between the two habitats, the chemical element contents of herb layers both decrease in the order as K> Ca> Mg> P> Mn> Na> Fe> Zn> B> Cu> Se. The same pattern exist in shrub layer from both communities and tree layer from the valley, differ from the order of tree layer from the ridge, which is K> Ca> Mg> P> Mn> Na> Fe> B> Zn> Cu> Se. Secondly, the content of chemical elements of the leaves from different heights of the same plant are quite different. The contents of element Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg decline with the increase of heights. The same pattern also exist without considering the species. In addition, as the increase of altitude, the average content of chemical elements of K, Ca, N, Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn, Na, P decrease, with the element B showing an opposite increasing trend.