为探明低温下中国栽培扁桃鹰咀、纸皮，国外引进扁桃Nonpareil、Mission以及野生扁桃花蕾的生理指标变化，比较扁桃花蕾的抗寒性。本实验剪取4种栽培扁桃和野生扁桃的带花蕾枝条，带回实验室后分别进行4℃、0℃、-2℃、-4℃和-6℃处理，12 h后采摘花蕾，测定花蕾的可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、MDA含量、脯氨酸含量和相对电导率变化，并利用隶属函数法比较花蕾的抗寒性。结果显示低温处理12 h后，随着处理温度的降低，可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白质含量先升高后降低再升高；淀粉含量先降低后升高；MDA含量、相对电导率逐渐升高；脯氨酸含量先升高后降低。利用隶属函数评估法比较发现花蕾的抗寒性强弱顺序是鹰咀＞野生扁桃＞Nonpareil＞Mission＞纸皮。%In this research, in order to explore the physiological indexes of buds of the four cultivated almonds (Yingzui and Zhipi originated in China; Nonpareil and Mission introduced from abroad) and wild almond under low temperature, some branches with buds of the four cultivated almonds and wild almond were brought back to the laboratory as experimental materials. And the branches were subsequently processed separately under different low temperatures of 4℃, 0℃、-2℃,-4℃and-6℃;then after 12 hours, the buds were picked off to measure the contents of soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein, MDA and proline as well as the relative conductivity and compare their cold resistance with the method of subordinative function. The results showed that:under different low temperature treatments for 12 hours, the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein both experienced the change of high-low-high with the temperature declining;the contents of starch went up at first and then fell down;the contents of MDA and the degrees of relative conductivity rose gradually and the contents of proline changed from increasing to decreasing. Thus, the cold resistance degrees of buds of the four cultivated almonds and wild almond exhibited in an order as:Yingzui>wild almond>Nonpareil>Mission>Zhipi.
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