油茶花、果及春梢生长相关性研究

摘要

为了掌握油茶"大小年"现象的成因,为油茶的花果平衡调控技术提供依据.研究了5年生、9年生2种不同林龄油茶花、果及春梢生长的相关性,结果表明:(1)花芽数与当年春梢数呈正相关,其中5年生林呈极显著正相关(p<0.01);与当年的植株产果量、座果率呈负相关,其中5年生林分别呈显著(p<0.05)、极显著(p<0.01)负相关.(2)5年生油茶林中只有5%的植株为单株挂果量、花芽数量、座果率较为均衡;30%的植株为单株挂果量较大,当年花芽分化受到明显的抑制;25%的植株为单株挂果量与花芽数量均较少;40%植株为单株挂果量较小,当年花芽数量较多.(3)9年生油茶林中15%植株单株产果量与花芽数均较高,单株挂果为3.98~5.92 kg,花芽数为1360~1500个,座果率为18.9%~44.1%;25%的植株单株挂果量较大,花芽数量明显减少;30%植株单株产果量与花芽数均较低,35%的单株产果量较低,花芽数较多.%In order to master the causes of the phenomenon of major or minor year and provide basis for the flower and fruit balance control technology of Camellia oleifera,the correlationof flower bud,fruit and spring shoot growth of 5 years old and 9 years old oil-tea camellia forestry was studied in this paper. the results showed that: the flower buds was positively correlated with spring shoot, which was a significantly positive correlation (p <0.01) in 5 years old camellia forestry, the flower buds was negatively correlated with fruit production of the same year and fruit set percentage. which were respectively significantly (p <0.05), highly significantly (p <0.01) negative correlation in 5 years old camellia forestry. Only 5% of 5 years old plants had more balanced fruit production, flower bud number and fruit set. 30% of 5 years old plants had more fruit production, but the flower bud differentiation was obviously inhibited. 25% of 5 years old plants had both less fruit production and flower buds. 40% of 5 years old plants had less fruit production, but had more flower buds. 15% of 9 years old plants had more fruit production and flower buds, the individual fruit production was 3.98-5.92 kg, flower buds was 1 360-1 500, fruit set percentage was 18.9%-44.1%. 25% of 9 years old plants had more fruit production,but the flower buds was obviously less. 30% of 9 years old plants had both less fruit production and flower buds. 35% of 9 years old plants had both less individual fruit production and flower buds.