灾害等级评估是灾害管理中一项重要的工作，对灾害等级评估的研究也越来越受到关注。通过增加象限法维度以及对灾度等级边界进行模糊处理，提出了适用于各种自然灾害等级评估的模糊多维象限法，并以2008年地震灾害损失和1978-2008年年均水灾损失为例进行了实证研究。结果表明：针对地震灾害，四川为巨灾省，甘肃为大灾省，陕西为中灾省，其他省（市、区）灾情较轻；针对水灾，湖南、湖北和四川为大灾省，天津、宁夏、青海、西藏和新疆为小灾省（市、区），北京、上海为微灾或无灾市。模糊多维象限法也适用于除地震和洪水外的其他自然灾害，可以为自然灾害快速评估提供新的思路。%Grade assessment of natural disasters,as one of the important issues of disaster management,has been more and more focused.A fuzzy multidimensional quadrant method for grade assessment of natural disasters is first proposed by increasing the dimensions of quadrant method and fuzzing the grade border.Then the method is tested to assess the grade of the seismic disasters in 2008 and average flood disasters from 1978 to 2008 at provin-cial level in China.The results show that for earthquake disaster,Sichuan is a large-scale disaster province,Gansu is a major disaster province and Shanxi is a medium disaster province,the disaster of other provinces (municipali-ties and autonomous regions)are not serious.For flood disaster,Hunan,Hubei and Sichuan are major disaster provinces,Tianjin,Ningxia,Qinghai,Tibet and Xinjiang are small disaster provinces (municipality or autonomous regions),and Beijing and Shanghai are micro or no disaster municipalities.Fuzzy multidimensional quadrant meth-od is applicable to assess the grade of other disasters except earthquake and flood disasters.
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