青少年举重运动员神经-肌肉系统功能特征的研究

摘要

当前对于利用电波描记仪来评定年轻运动员机体神经-肌肉系统功能状况的信息不存在异议.研究目的是揭示青少年运动员神经-肌肉系统功能的年龄特征.14名青少年举重运动员作为实验组和23名没有从事过竞技运动的同龄青少年作为对照组参加了研究.在完成用主要手和非主要手握压测力器手柄的时候,借助于肌电监视器记录下列肌群总的生物电活性:桡侧腕屈肌、尺侧腕屈肌、肱肌和掌长肌.用手腕握压测力器手柄要求用最大用力的1/3直至拒绝,即直至受试者无法按规定水平保持这一静力性紧张为止.发现青少年举重运动员在保持静力性紧张时,肌群总的生物电活性逐渐提升,而未经训练的同龄人则出现下降,这表明与青少年举重运动员相比,他们的中枢神经系统控制保障调节随意肌肉活动的神经机制不是很有效.%There is no objection to the current information on the assessment of the function of the neuromuscular system of young athletes by using the electric wave tracing instrument.The purpose of this study is to reveal the age characteristics of the neuromuscular system function of young athletes.Taking 14 young weightlifters as experimental group,and 23 young people of the same age who did not engage in competitive sports participated in the study as the control group.The total bioelectrical activity of the following muscles was recorded by electromyography monitor after completing the handle of the main and non main hand holding pressure dynamometer.Radial flexor carpi ulnaris,flexor carpi ulnaris,brachii muscle and palmar longus.The handle of the dynamometer with the wrist is required to use the maximum force of 1/3 until it refuses until the subject is unable to maintain the static tension at the specified level.It is found out that young weightlifters in maintaining static tension,muscle total bioelectricity activity gradually increased,while the untrained peers will decline,which indicates that compared with the young weightlifters,their central nervous system to guarantee the neural mechanism of voluntary muscular activity regulation is not very effective.