华东地区国家重点保护野生植物区系研究

摘要

在野外调查和文献资料查阅的基础上,整理出华东地区国家重点保护野生植物名录,并对该地区的植物种类组成和区系成分进行分析.结果表明:该地区共有国家重点保护野生植物42科69属94种,其中被子植物30科49属60种,裸子植物7科14属22种,蕨类植物5科6属12种.该地区国家重点保护野生植物区系成分复杂,起源古老,特有现象明显;区系以热带分布和温带分布为主,具有明显的过渡特征.区系丰富度和相似度分析表明,赣、浙、闽、皖的国家重点保护野生植物种类较丰富,且关系密切;苏、沪的国家重点保护野生植物种类较少,与其他省份关系疏远;鲁的国家重点保护野生植物种类最少,与其他省无相同的科、属、种.研究旨在对华东地区国家重点保护野生植物区系进行初步研究,为该地区的植物保护和合理开发利用提供参考.%Based on field investigation and data access, this paper made a the list of national key protected wild plants and analyzed the species composition and flora of the national key protected wild plants in East China.Results showed that there were 94 species of national key protected wild plants belonged to 69 genera and 42 families, among which there were 60 species of angiosperms belonged to 49 genera and 30 families, 22 species of gymnosperms belonged to 14 genera and 7 families, and 12 species of ferns belonged to 6 genera and 5 families.The origin of national key protected wild plants was ancient and the composition was complex, and endemic in this area was obvious.Tropical and temperate elements were dominant in the flora, which took up an obvious characteristic of transition.The analysis of flora richness and similarity indicated that the species in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian and Anhui were relatively abundant and closely related to each other, and that the species in Jiangsu and Shanghai were scarce, and meanwhile they were less related to the other provinces.The species of national key protected wild plants in Shandong was least, without the same families, genera, species as other provinces.The aim of the research was to analyze flora of the national key protected wild plants, in order to provide references for reasonable conservation and effectively use of the key protection wild plants in East China.