西藏西部高原地区农牧民健康体检分析

摘要

目的:了解西藏西部高原地区农牧民健康状况及患病情况,为慢性病、传染病防治提供依据.方法:对拉孜县农村1 699名农牧民进行体格检查,包括内外科常规检查、胸部透视、血压、心电图、腹部B超、血常规、尿常规、肝肾功能、血糖、血脂以及乙肝表面抗原,女性加做妇科检查.结果:964人检查结果异常,其中前5位异常依次是丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高(14.7%),胆道疾病(13.2%),血红蛋白增多症(12.8%),高血压(12.4%),心电图异常(8.9%).检查结果异常与文化程度有关,部分异常与性别有关(血红蛋白增多症),部分异常与年龄有关(高血压).结论:有针对性地对农牧民的健康宣教,改变不良的生活方式及卫生习惯,建立健康档案,定期参加体检,发现健康危险因素或疾病,早期干预、早期治疗.%Objective: To investigate the health condition of the herdsmen and farmers in Tibet area, and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of chronic and infectious diseases. Methods: One thousand six hundred and ninty-nine herdsmen and farmers were performed physical examinations including the routine inspection, chest perspective, electrocardiogram, B ultrasonic of the abdomen, routine blood and urine tests, measurement of the blood pressure, liver function, renal blood sugar, blood fat and hepatitis B surface antigen. Women were performed gynaecological check-up in addition. Results: Fifty-six point seven percent of the herdsmen and farmers had health problems including increased alanine aminotransferase ( 14. 7% ) , biliary disease ( 13. 2% ) , hemoglobin increasing disease (12. 8% ), hypertension ( 12. 4%) and abnormal electrocardiogram ( 8. 9%). The health problems were related with the education degree, and part of the diseases were related with the gender (such as hemoglobin increasing disease) or the age (such as hypertension). Conclusions:It is essential to strengthen the health education of the herdsmen and farmers,guide them to give up bad health habits, establish health records, regularize physical examinations and provide early intervention and treatment for the risk factors or diseases.