快速路复杂立交桥区立交桥型指路标志对行驶速度的影响

摘要

为研究城市快速路不同立交匝道类型条件下立交桥型指路标志对行驶速度的影响,以立交桥型指路标志、立交桥匝道类型作为实验控制因素设计12个实验场景,通过驾驶模拟实验获得车辆行驶状态数据；以速度、速度标准差、加速度、加速度标准差为速度类指标,结合配对T检验的方法进行影响研究.问卷统计结果显示,31名被试中47.83%认为城市快速路出口指路标志系统中“立交桥型指路标志冶指路效果最佳,61.9%被试认为指路标志将影响其行驶速度,主要使其速度变慢.数据分析结果表明,受匝道线形复杂程度作用,不同类型匝道条件下,与三级预告标志组合设置时立交桥型指路标志对速度类指标的影响不同：定向匝道条件下,驾驶员速度类指标未受影响；半定向、环形匝道条件下,立交桥型指路标志作用范围内车辆行驶速度变低,立交桥型指路标志降速作用的关键影响区域集中在相应匝道出口附近.半定向、环形匝道条件下,作用范围逐段内驾驶员受立交桥型指路标志显著性影响的速度类指标、关键区域不同.同时,立交桥型指路标志、三级预告标志组合使用时,两者效用间存在一定的耦合作用,这种耦合作用在半定向、环形匝道条件下具有不一致性.%To analyze interchange guide signs' influence on vehicle speed in three kinds of interchange ramps of an urban expressway, vehicle operating data through a driving simulator experiment which was composed of twelve scenarios on basis of guide signs and different kinds of interchange ramps as two sorts of experiment controlling factors were obtained. The affected situation of speed kind indicators,“speed, standard deviation of speed, accelerator and standard deviation of accelerator”, were analyzed through pair T test. The result of subjective questionnaires showed that 47.83% experimenters thought“interchange pattern guide sign” was the most effective among the system of interchange guide signs, and 61.9% experimenters selected the running speed as the primary impacted factor, which was mostly reduced. Meanwhile, results of vehicle operating data indicated that under the effect of different levels of complex alignments of ramps, “interchange pattern guide sign” cooperated with three advanced guide signs had different influences on the speed kind indicators in three kinds of interchange ramps. In directional ramp, the speed indicators were not affected. But, in semi-direction ramp and loop ramp, the speed during affected range of“interchange pattern guide sign” was reduced significantly and the critical effected segments were mainly gathered in the vicinity of corresponding ramp exit. Nevertheless, speed indicators and critical affected segments influenced by “interchange pattern guide sign” were different in semi-direction ramp and loop ramp as a whole. What's more, the interaction effect between effects of“interchange pattern guide sign” and “three advanced guide signs” existed and was different in semi-direction ramp and loop ramp.