水压轴向柱塞泵配流盘预升压角

摘要

为了调查流量特性，以水压轴向柱塞泵为研究对象，在考虑预升压角的作用和关键摩擦副泄漏的前提下，建立了泵实际输出流量的数学模型，对配流盘的结构参数进行了设计计算。运用PumpLinx软件对不同预升压角下泵的流场进行了数值模拟，对泵的流量特性进行了分析。研究结果表明：水压轴向柱塞泵在排水过程中，会产生流量倒灌现象，使得单个柱塞腔内的压力和流量以及泵的输出流量产生脉动。增大预升压角可以增长柱塞腔内部流体的预压缩时间，减小柱塞腔内部和泵出口的压力差，从而减少柱塞腔的流量倒灌量，降低柱塞腔内的压力和流量脉动。适当增大预升压角有利于提高泵的流量特性，预升压角取20毅时，泵的流量特性最佳。但预升压角超过20毅时，预升压区和预卸压区流量倒灌的叠加会导致泵出口的流量脉动增大。%To investigate the flow characteristics of the water hydraulic axial piston pump, the mathematical model of the flow distribution characteristic of the port plate was established in this study, which considers the pre-compression angle of the port plate, the leakage flow through the piston/cylinder gap and the port plate/valve plate gap. The structure parameters of the port plate were optimally calculated. The dynamic simulation on the flow field of the water hydraulic axial piston pump with different sizes of pre-compression angle were implemented using PumpLinx software, and the influences on the properties of flow distribution for each size of pre-compression angle were investigated. Simulation results show that the fluid in the discharge chamber can flow into the piston chamber reversely during the pump working in the discharge period. The rate of reverse flow in the piston chamber directly relates to the flow ripples and pressure ripples of the pump. When the pre-compression angle is improved, the reverse flow, flow ripple and pressure pulsation in the piston chamber can be reduced, therefore, the flow characteristics of the pump increase. When the pre-compression angle is set to be 20o, the best result can be obtained. If the pre-compression angle exceeds 20o, a higher flow ripple is obtained because of the superposition of the reverse flow.