高温高压喷射条件下X70管线钢的CO2腐蚀形貌

摘要

利用自主研发的高温高压环路喷射装置并结合流体动力学模拟计算,研究了高温高压CO2环境流体喷射条件下X70钢的腐蚀产物微观形貌、基体表面三维形貌、腐蚀减薄量及其统计规律,并探讨了与流体状态之间的关系。结果表明,高温高压流体喷射条件下,不同流态区域内流体传质速率和壁面切应力的差异是造成X70钢腐蚀产物、基体表面三维形貌及腐蚀减薄量差异的主要原因。按照层流区→壁面喷射区→过渡区的顺序,流体壁面切应力逐渐增加,不断减薄腐蚀产物膜直至其脱落,造成传质过程阻力减小,传质速率增大,腐蚀过程不断加剧。因此,按照层流区→壁面喷射区→过渡区的顺序,X70钢表面腐蚀产物膜由完整致密向疏松多孔变化,基体表面三维形貌呈现平坦→陡峭→非常陡峭的特征,三维表面高度偏差和均方根偏差、腐蚀减薄量平均值和标准差均呈现逐渐增大的趋势。在高温高压流体喷射条件下,X70钢的CO2腐蚀速率与壁面切应力之间较好地满足指数关系。%The CO2 corrosion behavior of X70 pipeline steel, including the corrosion product's morphology, three-dimensional sur-face topography, and corrosion thickness reduction as well as its statistical analysis, was investigated in high temperature and high pres-sure CO2 environment using self-developed loop jet impingement apparatus and computation fluid dynamic ( CFD) technique. The rela-tionship between the obtained results and flow regimes under jet impingement was also discussed. It is found that the differences of fluid mass transfer and wall shear stress distributed on the steel surface located at different flow regimes are the main reason for the differ-ences of the corrosion product's morphology, three-dimensional surface topography and corrosion thickness reduction. According to the order of the laminar zone, the wall jet zone and the transition zone, the corrosion product is thinned, degraded and even removed from the steel surface because of the continuous increasing of wall shear stress, which will decrease the mass transfer resistance, accelerate the mass transfer rate, and continuously enhance the corrosion process of the steel. Therefore, in the order of the laminar zone, the wall jet zone and the transition zone, the structure of the corrosion product changes from complete and compact to loose and porous, the three-dimensional morphology of the substrate surface changes from flat to steep, the average roughness and the root mean square as well as the average corrosion thickness reduction and the standard deviation gradually increase. The corrosion rate and the wall shear stress can be correlated properly with the exponential relationship.