金融普惠和京津冀家庭收入差距——来自CHFS数据的证据

摘要

改革开放近40年,家庭收入水平逐年增加,然而家庭收入差距也呈扩大趋势,京津冀地区金融普惠家庭比非金融普惠家庭的收入差距高出全国21.531元,家庭收入差距问题更为突出,严重影响京津冀地区协同发展和家庭幸福感,探求金融普惠和京津冀家庭收入差距之间的关系具有现实意义.文章基于2015年CHFS京津冀样本数据,在社区层面估计发现,京津冀社区金融普惠提高10个百分点,社区家庭收入基尼系数显著下降2.42%.在北京和天津地区,社区金融普惠对家庭收入差距没有显著的影响,在河北地区,社区金融普惠比例提高10个百分点,社区家庭收入基尼系数显著下降2.37%.进一步发现,京津冀金融普惠对各分位点家庭收入的影响随着分位点的提高而呈递减趋势,这是金融普惠降低京津冀家庭收入差距的内在原因.文章的政策含义是在京津冀地区,普及金融普惠能够缩小家庭收入差距,增强家庭金融发展协调性,增进家庭福祉,促进京津冀共同繁荣.%In the past nearly 40 years of reform and opening-up, households' income has gradually increased year by year, but it also shows a trend of widening inequality.In Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the income disparity between financial-inclusion households and non-financial-inclusion households is 21531 Renminbi Yuan higher than national disparity, and the problem of households' income inequality is more prominent.It has seriously influenced the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and their households' happiness.It is of realistic significance to probe into the relationship between financial inclusion and households' income inequality in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Based on Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei sample data in China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) in 2015, this paper finds from community perspective that the gini coefficient of households' income can reduce significantly by 2.42% as the community financial inclusion increases by 10% in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.The community financial inclusion has no significant impact on households' income inequality in Beijing or Tianjin.However, the gini coefficient of households' income can reduce significantly by 2.37% as community financial inclusion increases by 10% in Hebei.It further finds that in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the impact of financial inclusion upon household quantile income shows a diminishing trend as the quantile increases, which is the internal cause that financial inclusion significantly reduces households' income inequality in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.The policy implication in this paper is to promote financial inclusion in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region which can reduce households' income inequality, strengthen the coordinaion of household finance, increase the household well-being and promote the common prosperity of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.