秦腔史研究中的一些问题的思考--以《钵中莲》为例

摘要

Because of few written materials about Qin Opera available,it is very difficult to conduct the research work.The fourteenth episode “Meng the Jar”in the hand-copied book Bo Zhong Lian is the most authoritative material, in which not only the term “Xi Qing Er Fan”appeared,but also the original materials of forming the Banqiang style of Qin Opera were provided.The usage of seven-word sentence was the direct evidence of the forming of Banqiang style of Qin Opera.Its popular plot and popularized ways of presentation were both the important proofs that Qin Opera origina-ted from the folk,which drew the track of the Chinese operas'transition from song-conjoined style to Banqiangstyle.%秦腔由于早期留下的文字资料很少，对研究工作带来很大困难，明代万历年间的传奇抄本《钵中莲》第十四出《补缸》应是最重要、最权威的资料，它不仅出现了“西秦腔二犯”一词，又提供了秦腔板腔体形成的原始样式，它使用的七言句式是秦腔板腔体产生的直接证据，它通俗的剧情和民间化的表达方式，是秦腔产生于民间的重要佐证，勾勒了中国戏曲由曲联体向板腔体转型的轨迹。