连续射击下的枪管瞬态传热模型

摘要

Aiming at gun erosion caused by periodic transient-thermal-shock during succession firing,the mathematical model of one-dimensional transient-heat-transfer of gun barrel was established. The finite difference equations of internal nodes and boundary nodes were derived by using energy balance method and ADI( Alternating Difference Implicit ) scheme. Based on the numerical results of the classical interior ballistics,the temperature distribution of barrel of some 12. 7 mm machine gun during 120 succession firing rounds was calculated numerically by Visual Basic programming. The temperature test was conducted by thermal infrared imager. The error of the numerical result relative to the experimental result is less than 10%,and the established model and the used algorithm are effective. The obtained change law of barrel temperature-field has great importance for the further studies of gun barrel erosion mechanism, and the result provides the reliable theory basis for the structure design and the life prediction of gun barrel.%针对连续射击过程中周期性瞬态热冲击引发的身管烧蚀问题，建立了身管一维瞬态传热的数学模型。采用能量平衡法，应用交替隐式差分格式( ADI)，推导了内节点及边界点的有限差分方程，以经典内弹道数值计算结果为基础，通过VB编程求解了连续射击120发弹过程中某12.7 mm机枪枪管的温度场分布。采用红外热像仪对身管外壁温度进行了测试，数值仿真结果相对于实验结果的误差小于10%，所建模型及采用的算法是有效的。研究得到的枪管温度场的变化规律为更加深入地研究身管烧蚀机理、设计身管结构以及预测身管寿命提供了可靠的理论依据。