某铝合金前保险杠系统的结构设计与性能仿真

摘要

设计了一种考虑了耐撞性和轻量化的铝合金前保险杠系统结构，并进行了有限元仿真。对某研发中的轿车的铝合金前保险杠系统，进行了改进：增设了保持架和铁托两个新零件，加强了吸能盒后端。基于显式有限元方法，借助HYPERWORKS和LS-DYNA软件，设定整车质量1.55 t，初始速度32.4 km/h，在全正面碰撞刚性墙壁的工况下，进行了仿真。结果表明：该优化后的结构设计，在碰撞过程中吸能盒截面反力平稳，峰值稳定在130 kN，整个系统在25 ms时刻完成总吸能31.70 kJ；该前保险杠总成质量4.08 kg，比高强度钢材料的总成降低了30%。因此，该系统达到了耐撞性和轻量化要求。%A structural design of an aluminum-al oy front-bumper system was proposed with considering good crashworthiness and light-mass, and its crash performances were numerical y simulated. A retainer and a holder were added to the aluminum-al oy front-bumper system of a certain developing car to strengthen crash-box rear-end. A ful-frontal rigid-battier impact col ision was simulated based on an explicit ifnite element method by using HyperWorks and LS-DYNA soft wares with a vehicle mass of 1.55 t and an initial speed of 32.4 km/h. The result shows that the improved structure provides a stable reactive force with a stable peak of 130 kN and absorbs a total energy of 31.70 kJ in 25 ms. Its total mass is only 4.08 kg being the 2/3 of the one made from high-strength-steel. Therefore, the system structure meets the demands of good crashworthiness and light-mass.