碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料是目前广泛在航天器应用的新型材料.该材料在X、Y方向的低温热导率是设计、使用的重要参考依据.目前一些测量方法不能表征材料传热特性,本文提出采用传统的一维稳态热流法.以M55J碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料为例,对X、Y方向的低温热导率进行了测试、分析.在试验分析的基础上,采用单层板热导率测量数据,用分析模型计算了M55J碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料的低温热导率并与测量数据进行了比对,两者最大偏差在18%之内,说明与从计算单层板的热导率开始的方法相比较,采用这种计算方法较简单准确.文章分析表明,碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料的低温热导率可以通过铺层设计改变,以减少材料设计的盲目性,满足航天器的特殊需求.%The carbon fibre/cyanate ester composites is a new material in aerospace. The thermal conductivity of carbon fibre/cyanate ester composites at low temperature for X、Y directions are the important date for design and applied in aerospace. At present, some of measurement method of the thermal conductivity of carbon fibre/cyanate ester composites for X、Y directions is not shown its thermal characteristic. So the tradition method in which heat flow is along one direction on measurement the thermal conductivity of carbon fibre/cyanate ester composites for X、Y directions is suggested. For example ,the thermal conductivity of M55J carbon fibre/cyanate ester composites at low temperature for X、Y direction were been researched , and were been calculated by measurement data of monolayer、analysis and calculated model and were been compared with the measurement data. The largest error between calculated data and measurement data is in 18％ . So the calculated method is simply and accurate than calculated the thermal conductivity from fibre and cyanate ester. By the article analysis the thermal conductivity of carbon fibre/cyanate ester compposites at low temperature can be caloulated and design by monolayer plate to reduced blind design for aerospace needs especially.
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