文昌鱼幼虫变态的内分泌调节研究进展

摘要

本文对头索动物文昌鱼幼虫变态的内分泌调节研究所取得的新进展进行综述。现已证实文昌鱼内柱分泌甲状腺素（TH）及其衍生物三碘甲腺醋酸与甲状腺素受体（TR）结合触发幼虫变态。同时，文昌鱼脑泡神经细胞分泌促甲状腺素释放激素（TRH）或促肾上腺激素释放激素（CRH）和哈氏窝上皮细胞分泌促甲状腺素（TSH）及其受体的发现将表明文昌鱼存在甲状腺调控轴，这就为文昌鱼幼虫变态受内分泌基因网络调节提供新证据。因而本综述可为人工控制文昌鱼幼虫变态和提高成活率提供科学依据。%This paper reviews the new progress on the endocrine regulation of metamorphosis of cephalochordate am-phioxus larvae.Now it has been confirmed that thyroid hormone (TH)secreted from endostyle of amphioxus and its derivative triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC)binding to TH receptor triggers larval metamorphosis.The thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)or corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH)from the nerve cells of brain vesicle and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)and its receptor from the epithelial cells of Hatschek's pit has had been found in amphioxus,which suggests a presence of regulation of thyroid axis in amphioxus.These findings provide new ev-idence for the concept that the larval metamorphosis of amphioxus is regulated by endocrine gene network.So,the present review can provide scientific basis for artificial controlling larval metamorphosis and improving survival rate of amphioxus.