是'造反'还是'崩溃'——重读托马斯·曼的《马里奥和魔术师》

摘要

托马斯·曼的小说《马里奥和魔术师》 一直被一些学者解读为人民对法西斯主义者的反抗,其中魔术师奇博拉是法西斯分子的象征,而马里奥则代表了人民.如果透过文本分析,这种观点只是对文学政治化标准的误判.实际上,马里奥打死奇博拉的行为并不是一种富有人民正义行动的英雄般的造反,而是一种在极端扭曲和罪恶的环境下的一种精神崩溃,这种崩溃具有一种彻底的悲剧性.%"Mario and the Magician" is one of Mann's most political stories ,representing his anti-fas-cism .The symbolic meaning of the plot ,especial the end of the story has long been depicted by Chinese scholars as people's anti fascism ,while the magician ,Cipolla ,is analogous to the fascist dictators and Mario to the people .For long time ,the story might have been over interpreted .As the matter of fact ,Ci-polla's assassination by Mario can't be simply depicted as a heroic rebel out of people's justice .Instead ,it is a mental collapse caused by sharp contortion and crime ,which is desperately leading to a tragedy .