捕食者追捕与食饵逃逸对共位捕食系统中物种共存的影响

摘要

基于元胞自动机模型，探讨捕食者追捕和食饵逃逸两种行为对共位捕食系统中物种共存动态的影响。结果表明：捕食者追捕能够扩大物种共存区域，但食饵逃逸能否提高共位捕食系统中物种的共存取决于两物种竞争与捕食能力的相互权衡关系。在捕食者占绝对优势以及竞争与捕食之间存在弱权衡关系时，食饵逃逸能够促进两物种的共存；而在食饵占有绝对优势以及两物种间强权衡关系时，食饵逃逸则使得物种共存变得更加困难。另外，模拟结果显示，捕食者追捕与食饵逃逸对物种共存与种群密度产生不对称性效应：捕食者追捕对系统产生的影响较食饵逃逸行为更为显著。%Using cellular automata model ,the authors here explored the effect of predator pursuit and prey evasion on the coexistence of intraguild predation system . The results showed that predator pursuit could promote the species coexistence ,but prey evasion will enhance coexistence with the condition that the intraguild predator has overall advantage or weak trade‐off between competition and predation .Species coexistence became more difficult by prey evasion w hen prey has overall advantage or strong trade‐off . Furthermore , the predator pursuit was shown to pose a much stronger impact than prey evasion on species coexistence and densities of populations .