热应激对奶牛的影响及其调控研究进展

摘要

The heat and humidity combine to make a very uncomfortable environment for dairy cows. It has be- come one of the important factors that affect the healthy development of China~ dairy industry. Our objective was to provide a review of the damaging effects of heat stress and preventive methods in dairy cows. Decreased milk production, greatly diminished reproductive proficiency and lymphocytes apoptosis are induced by heat stress. Extensive study was performed to deal with the negative effects. Providing cool water and shade, comfortable en- vironment in the holding pen and chemical drugs and Chinese herbal medicine additives are proved to be the ef- fective ways of reducing heat stress.%奶牛热应激可造成奶牛生产性能下降，已成为影响我国奶业健康发展的重要因素之一。研究其调控措施，寻找切实有效对抗奶牛热应激的方法是当前奶牛养殖业的重要任务之一。本文综述了热应激对奶牛采食及消化、生产与繁殖、内分泌和免疫等方面的影响以及对抗热应激的主要措施，为奶牛养殖中进行热应激的调控以及相关研究提供参考。