芜湖市主要绿化树种滞尘能力的比较研究

摘要

Dust catching abilities of 20 greening tree species in Wuhu city were tested.Based on 3 indexes of dust-retention amount of unit leaf area,of unit leaf weight and per leaf,the general dust catching abilities were tested and compared with accumulated dust-retention amount of different tree species and dust catching ability in different areas.The results showed that the dust-retention amount of different species and types has great difference.Shrub is stronger than evergreen arbors and the deciduous arbors is the weakest.The species with harsh,furrow,leaf can catch more dust in atmosphere,and has greater dust catching ability.The environmental quality in the parks and schools is obviously better than that in road and industry zone.Accumulated dust-retention amount of tree species is increasing as time goes on after rain,and the dust-retention amount of the same plant shows outstanding difference at distinct time.%对芜湖市20种主要绿化树种滞尘能力进行测定分析,以单位叶面积滞尘量、叶干重滞尘量、单叶滞尘量3种指标测定一般滞尘能力;比较不同树种累积滞尘量以及同一树种在不同功能区滞尘量。结果表明,不同绿化植物种类和习性,叶面滞尘量存在较大差异。从生长习性上看,灌木的滞尘量最大,常绿乔木次之,落叶乔木最小。从叶片特征上看,叶片多皱褶、多油脂、粗糙、被毛等特征的树种更有利于拦截、吸附粉尘,滞尘能力较强。同一树种在不同地区的叶片滞尘量可以反映树木所在环境空气质量,公园和学校的空气质量明显好于道路和工业区。雨后随着时间推移,同一树种叶片滞尘量在不同时间差异显著,且不同树种叶片滞尘量总体均呈上升趋势。