优质高产湘白鱼腥草新品种的选育

摘要

[ Objective ] The purpose of the study was to breed a high quality, yield and resistant cultivar of Houttuynia cordate Thunb from its natural variation series. [ Method ] With wild H. cordata as seed source, Xiangbai H. cordala was bred through manual cultivation and variety comparison test and its cultivation and quality characteristics were studied preliminarily. [ Result ] The yields of both aerial and underground parts of Xiangbai H. cordata were a little higher than that of WYXC02, its yield of underground part was higher than that of HYXC01 and HYXC02 and their difference was greater than 20%. In the adaptable cultivation experiment carried out in 2006 - 2008, the average yield of underground part of conventionally cultivated Xiangbai H. cordata was 33 000±3 750)kg/hm~2 and that of its aerial part was(30 000±3 000) kg/hm~2. The contents of vitamin C, lipid, protein, soluble sugar, flavonoids and volatile oil in both aerial and underground parts of Xiangbai H. cordata were 47.3mg/100g, 10.6%, 12.2%, 93.7 mg/g, 35.6 mg/g, 0.42 ml/kg and 16.7 mg/100g, 9.6%, 9.7%, 105.5 mg/g, 4.9 mg/g, 0.82 ml/kg resp. The minimum inhibitory concn. of volatile oil from both aerial and underground parts of Xiangbai H. cordata against the tested bacteria were 0.250 and 2.000 μl/ml resp. [Conclusion] The study laid a practical foundation for the variety breeding and manual cultivation of Xiangbai H. cordata.%[目的]从鱼腥草的自然变异株中选育出优质、高产、高抗的鱼腥草栽培品种.[方法]以野生鱼腥草为种源,通过人工栽培和品比试验选育出湘白鱼腥草并初步研究了其栽培和品质特性.[结果]湘白鱼腥草地上、地下部分产量比WYXC02略高,其地下部分产量比HYXC01和HYXC02高20%以上.在2006～2008年进行的适应性栽培试验中,常规栽培湘白鱼腥草的地下部分平均产量为(33 000±3 750)kg/hm~2,地上部分平均产量为(30 000±3 000) kg/hm~2.湘白鱼腥草地上、地下部分的维生素C、脂肪、蛋白质、可溶性糖、黄酮和挥发油含量分别为47.3 mg/100g、10.6%、12.2%、93.7 mg/g、35.6 mg/g、0.42 ml/kg和16.7 mg/100g、9.6%、9.7%、105.5 mg/g、4.9 mg/g、0.82 ml/kg.湘白鱼腥草地上、地下部分挥发性油对供试菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为0.250和2.000 μl/ml.[结论]该研究为湘白鱼腥草的品种选育和人工栽培奠定了实践基础.