[目的]对恩平市典型种植户冬作马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)施肥状况进行调查分析,旨在掌握当地施肥管理中存在的问题,为当地冬作马铃薯的平衡施肥提供参考.[方法]采用问卷调查方法,选取具有代表性的21个种植户的调查问卷施肥数据进行统计分析.[结果]恩平市典型种植户冬作马铃薯化肥氮(N)、磷(P2O5)、钾(K2O)的平均施用量分别达到211.35、209.55、230.25 kg/hm2,化肥施用量N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.99∶1.09.有机肥氮(N)、磷(P2O5)、钾(K2O)均值与化肥氮(N)、磷(P2O5)、钾(K2O)均值之比分别是0.28、0.35和0.31.采用基肥(化肥)+3次追肥(1基3追)的施肥模式的户数占到总户数的47.62％,为主要的施肥模式.[结论]恩平市冬作马铃薯生产中存在化肥氮磷用量偏高,钾肥用量偏低,氮磷钾肥配比不合理的现象,对此应该在当地进行田间试验加以验证.%[ Objective ] The aim was to investigate and analyze the fertilization application status of winter potato with typical planters in En-ping City, understand the problems in local fertilization application, provide some references for balanced fertilization of local winter potato production. [Method] Using questionnaire-investigation method, the related data of fertilization application status from twenty-one typical planters were selected for statistical analysis. [Result] It was shown that chemical fertilizer N, P2O5, K2O average application rates were 211.35, 209.55, and 230. 25 kg/hm2 with the typical planters, respectively, and N:P2O5: K2O = 1: 0. 99= 1. 09. The ratios of average N, P2O5, K2O from organic manures to those from chemical fertilizers were 0. 28, 0. 35 , and 0. 31, respectively. The planters with fertilization pattern of one-time base fertilizer + three-time top dressing accounted for 47. 62% of total planters, which was the main base fertilizer-top dressing fertilization pattern. [ Conclusion] It was concluded that the application rate of chemical fertilizer nitrogen and phosphorus was higher, especially fertilizer phosphorus, but that of potassium was less, causing the ratio among N, P2O5, K2O to be not rational.
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