陕北黄土高原蔷薇科药用植物资源及开发利用研究

摘要

24 species of wild medicinal plants of Rosaceae belonging to 16 genera were found in Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi, whose roots, flowers or fruits could be used in medicine for curing many diseases. Chemical components of Rosaceae medicinal plants were complicated, mainly containing organic acids, cyanogenic glycosides, polyphenol, alkaloids, flavonoids and triterpenoid compound. The resources species, habitat, biological characteristics, medicinal part and efficacy of Rosaceae medicinal plants in Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi were investigated and summarized through field collection, system surveys and consultation on relevant literature. Based on their unique characteristics, some suggestions and strategies were put forward accordingly for further protection and exploration of local medicinal resources of Rosaceae.%陕北黄土高原蔷薇科野生药用植物资源有16个属24种,常以根、花或果实入药,其化学成分复杂,含有有机酸、氰苷、多元酚类、生物碱类、黄酮类和三萜类化合物等多种活性物质,对多种疾病有明显疗效.通过野外采集、系统调查、查阅有关文献资料等方式,对陕北黄土高原地区蔷薇科药用植物资源种类、生境、生物学特征、药用部位及其功效进行了调查研究和归纳总结,并根据当地蔷薇科药用植物的特点提出今后对其资源保护及开发利用的建议和措施.