民族地区沙冬青种质资源保护与利用

摘要

在我国,仅少量分布于民族地区--新疆、内蒙古、宁夏的沙冬青属植物是西北部荒漠地区唯一的超旱生常绿阔叶灌木,也是国家重点保护的第一批珍稀濒危物种.在长期适应恶劣自然环境的过程中,沙冬青形成了抗旱、抗寒、抗风蚀等特性,其基因组中蕴藏着大量优异的抗逆基因.沙冬青不仅具有重要的生态价值、经济价值,而且具有很高的科学研究价值.本文从沙冬青种质资源的生物学特征、价值、保护生物学研究和抗逆基因挖掘等方面进行了综述.%Ammopiptanthus,belonging to the first batch of rare and endangered species in China and is the only evergreen, broadleaf and super kerophytic shrub in the northwestern desert zone and is slightly distributed over the ethnic regions, namely, Sinkiang,Inner Mongolia and Ningxia.During the long adaptation process of severe natural environment ,Ammopiptanthus has evolved the characteristies of drought-resisitance,frigid-resistance and anti-wind erosion,etc.,whose genomecontains abundant anti-stress genes.Ammopiptanthus has important ecological,economical and scientific value.Finally,the biological characters,values and conservation biology as well as anti-stress genes exploiting in Ammopiptanthus were summarized.