Dissimilatory Fe( IE)-reducing bacteria with the powerful metabolism function, the ability to adapt to the harsh environment and strong reduction function have great importance to the biological remediation of environment and play a decisive role in the eco-eycle of earth. They were capable of using Fe( HI) as the terminal electron acceptor coupled with many kinds of inorganic and organic matter transformation to gain energy under anoxic conditions. Microbial dissimilatory iron reduction has several significant environmental impacts. It can greatly influence the biogeochemical cycles of many metals and plays an important role in the flux of phosphate into water supplies. In addition, it has been proven to have a good application perspective in microbiology fuel batteries, odor control and protecting steel from corrosion. However, whether it is the basic study, or application study, research related to micmbial dissimilatory iron reduction is still close to the blank in China. According to the latest research advances both at home and abroad, the environmental significance of microbial dissimilatory iron reduction is reviewed to attract more attention of the researchers and accelerate this field study in our country.%异化Fe(Ⅲ)还原菌具有强大的代谢功能和适应恶劣环境的能力,其所具有的还原功能对于环境的生物修复具有重要的意义,在地球生态循环过程中具有举足轻重的作用.厌氧条件下,它可以Fe(Ⅲ)为末端电子受体,还原许多有毒重金属,降解利用有机和无机污染物,对土壤中痕量金属元素和磷的释放产生重要影响,在微生物燃料电池、环境除臭、防止钢铁腐蚀等方面有较好的应用前景和研究价值.当前无论是基础还是应用研究方面,国内微生物异化Fe(Ⅲ)还原菌的相关工作仍近空白.结合国外的最新研究进展,介绍了微生物异化Fe(Ⅲ)还原菌特性、还原机制及其还原的环境意义,旨在引起国内相关人员的重视,加快我国在该领域的研究.
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