[目的]研究主要栽培因子对红花大金元(Nicotiana tabacum)巨型变异株系的影响.[方法]选择影响烤烟产质量的施氮量、留叶数和种植密度3个主要因素,每个因素设置4个水平,采用L16(45)正交设计进行田间试验.[结果]红花大金元巨型变异株系产量与产值栽培因子的影响权重是种植密度＞施氯量＞留叶数,以种植密度16 500株/hm2、施氮量90.0 kg/hm2、单株留叶数30片为最优组合,比对照增产37.2％以上,增值24.8％以上.栽后70d,红花大金元巨型变异株系多数“巨型”特征已初步显现,此时株高91.1 cm,单株叶数27.5片,茎围13.3 cm,最大腰叶长宽72.6 cm × 30.7 cm,主要农艺性状稳定,具有实现“高产、稳产”的生物学基础.[结论]该研究可为红花大金元巨型变异株系的进一步开发利用提供参考依据.%[Objective] The purpose was to study the effects of main cultural factors on giant strains originating from Hongda mutant. [ Method] Field experiment on the cultural factors of nitrogen application dosage, remained leaf number and planting density for giant mutant strains originating from Hongda of flue-cured tobacco variety was carried out through orthogonal design L16(45 )) with four levels. [ Result] The results showed that effects of three cultural factors affecting tobacco leaf yield and output value was in order: planting density > nitrogen application dosage > remained leaf number. The optimal cultivation combination obtained high yield and output value was as follows; planting density 16500 plants per ha, nitrogen application dosage 90 kg per ha and remained leaf number 30 leaves per plant, its yield increased more than 37. 2% and output value more than 24. 8% compared with control. The major "giant" features had emerged for the mutant lines after being transplanted 70 d. As this time, the average natural plant height was 91.1 cm, total leaves number per plant was 27.5, stalk circumference was 13.3 cm, the maximum waist leaf length was 72.6 cm and the maximum waist leaf width was 30.7 cm. The giant mutant lines had stable agronomic characters and possessed a biological basis for high yield and stable yield. [Conclusion] The study provides a reference for exploring and utilizing giant mutant strains originating from Hongda deeply.
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