铜绿山矿区农业土壤重金属污染及生态风险评价

摘要

[目的]掌握铜绿山矿区农业土壤中重金属含量、污染程度及分布特征.[方法]对矿区周边农业土壤重金属进行实地采样,并对Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn含量进行分析.采用地累积指数法及潜在生态风险指数法,评价土壤中的重金属污染程度和风险.[结果]矿区农业土壤受到重金属不同程度的污染,重金属的污染程度从大到小依次为Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd;重金属区域污染差异较大,局部区域污染严重;矿区农业土壤中Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd 4种重金属综合的潜在危害程度均为"轻微",Cu是潜在生态危害最大的因子.重金属潜在危害程度从大到小依次为Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd;Pb和Zn有很大相关性,说明Pb和Zn可能属于同源污染物.[结论]该研究可为矿区农业用地重金属污染防治提供科学依据.%[Objective]To master the content, pollution degree and distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Tonglüshan mining area.[Method]Field sampling of heavy metals in the agricultural soil around the mining area was carried out, and the contents of Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn were analyzed.The degree and risk of heavy metal pollution in soil were evaluated by land accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method.[Result]The agricultural soils in the mining area were polluted by heavy metals in varying degrees.The pollution degree of heavy metals ranged from large to small, followed by Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd.Regional pollution of heavy metals was different, pollution in local areas was serious.The potential damage degree of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in the agricultural soil of the mining area was all slight, and Cu was the most potential ecological hazard factor.The potential damage degree of heavy metals ranged from large to small, followed by Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd.Pb and Zn had a great correlation, indicating that Pb and Zn might belong to homologous pollutants.[Conclusion]The study can provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in agricultural land.