以黔东南州为研究区域,选取大于10 ℃积温、剖面构型、排水能力、耕层厚度、地形部位、灌溉能力、有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾、pH、海拔、成土母质、抗旱能力这14个因素作为评价指标,应用ArcGIS软件,利用各县土壤图、土地利用现状图和行政区划图确定评价单元,从评价单元中获取数据,计算所选因子权重,采用累加法等方法对各黔东南州耕地地力进行评价.结果表明:黔东南州耕地总面积425 806.1 hm2,分为8个地力等级,一级地面积16 605.2 hm2,占3.90%;二级地面积37 157.1 hm2,占8.73%;三级地面积57 481.5 hm2,占13.5%;四级地面积81 065.4 hm2,占19.04%;五级地面积94 845.4 hm2,占22.27%;六级地面积941 405 hm2,占14.74%,七级地面积890 504.0 hm2,占13.94%,八级地面积16 524.3 hm2,占3.88%.%Took Qiandongnan Prefecture as a research area,choosing the above 10 ℃ accumulated temperature,profile configuration,drainage capacity,tillage thickness,terrain parts,irrigation capacity,organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,the pH,the altitude,the soil parent material,the drought resistance these 14 factors as the evaluation index,by the use of ArcGIS software,the use of the county soil map,land use status and administrative divisions to determine the evaluation unit,from the evaluation unit to obtain data,we calculated the selected factor weight,using the method of accumulation and other methods to evaluate the fertility of cultivated land in Qiandongnan Prefecture.The results showed that the total yield of cultivated land was 425 806.1 hm2,which was divided into eight grades,and the level 1 area was 16 605.2 hm2,accounting for 3.90% of the total cultivated land area;the level 2 area was 37 157.1 hm2,accounting for 8.73% of the total cultivated land area;the level 3 was 57 481.5 hm2,accounting for 13.5% of the total cultivated land area;the level 4 area was 81 065.4 hm2,accounting for 19.04%;level 5 area was 94845.4 hm2,accounting for 22.27%;the level 6 area was 941 405 hm2,accounting for 14.74%;the level 7 area was 890 504.0 hm2,accounting for 13.94%;the level 8 area was 16 524.3 hm2,accounting for 3.88% of the total cultivated land area.
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