配方施肥对小麦生长发育和经济效益的影响

摘要

[Objective] Response of wheat growth and yield to prescription fertilization scheme recommended on the action of analyzing soils to prescript fertilization at different towns of Funan County was conducted.[Method] Three treatments of no-fertilization,coventional fertilization and prescription fertilization were designed at 10 test points.Wheat samples were collected in mature period to investigate the wheat growth and economic benefit.[Result] It had better accelerated effect on wheat growth under the prescription fertilization scheme,compared with the treatment of no-fertilizer and conventional fertilization,seed yield increased by 37.9%-669.9% and 6.1%-23.1%,averagely were 120．3% and 4．7%,respectively.Compared with the treatment of no-fertilizer,the income raised by 6 018 yuan/hm2 and the value cost ratio reached 1.87~6.48.[Conclusion] The prescription fertilization scheme could obviously accelerate wheat growth,but having no advantage to farmer practice and must be revised further.%[目的]比较测土配方行动提出的小麦施肥方案在阜南县不同乡镇小麦生长和产量效应.[方法]选择10个试验点,设置空白对照、农民常规施肥和配方施肥共3个处理,小麦成熟期采集植株样品,考察小麦生长发育情况和经济效益.[结果]配方施肥对小麦生长发育具有明显的促进作用,籽粒产量较空白对照和农民常规施肥分别增长37.9%~669.9%和6.1%~23.1%,平均提高120.3%和4.7%,配方施肥比空白对照增收6 018元/hm2,施肥产投比达1.87~6.48.[结论]配方施肥方案能有效促进小麦生长发育,但是较农民常规施肥优势不明显,需要进一步改进和提高.