海南省琼海市·万宁市养殖水体浮游藻类群落结构特征

摘要

[目的]了解海南省养殖水体浮游藻类的群落结构特征.[方法]于2016年4月选取琼海市、万宁市部分养殖水体,采集浮游藻类样品进行测定.[结果]浮游藻类种类数为68种,隶属于7门57属,绿藻门的种类最丰富,为34种,其次是硅藻门19种.浮游藻类细胞密度为1.01×108 cells/L,主要组成为绿藻门、蓝藻门和隐藻门,分别占77.14％、8.80％和8,23％.浮游藻类优势种主要为普通小球藻(Chlorellavulgaris)、波吉卵囊藻(Oocystis borgei)、尖尾蓝隐藻(Chroomonas acuta)、绿色颤藻(Oscillatoria chlorina)等,指示水质状态为α-β-中污染.浮游藻类群落Shannon-Wiener指数在0.05 ～1.78,平均值为0.72;Pielou均匀度指数在0.02 ～0.69,平均值为0.28.利用多样性指数评价养殖水体水质处于中污染到重污染的状态.[结论]研究结果为养殖水体浮游微藻调控技术提供了基础数据.%[Objective] To understand the characteristics of planktonic algae community structure of culture ponds.[Method] Investigations were conducted in Qionghai City and Wanning City,Hainan Province in April 2016.[Result] A total of 68 algae species belonging to 57 genera 7 divisions were identified,of which the most abundant were Chlorophyta (34 species),followed by Bacillariophyta (19 species).The average cell density of planktonic algae was 1.01 × 108 cells/L.Chlorophyta,Cyanophyta and Cryptophyta were the major groups and contributed 77.14％,8.80％ and 8.23％ of total cell density,respectively.The dominant species were Chlorella vulgaris,Oocystis borgei,Chroomonas acuta,Oscillatoria chlorine etc.,which indicated the α-β-ms of water quality.The average of Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index were 0.72 and 0.28,which fluctuated within the range of 0.05-1.78 and 0.02-0.69,respectively.The culture ponds were medium-heavy pollution state based on the diversity index assessment.[Conclusion] This study provides basic data for the technology of microalgae ecological management in culture.