洪泽湖微囊藻属演替模式及预警研究

摘要

微囊藻属是淡水湖泊常见的水华优势蓝藻藻种,也是洪泽湖夏秋季节常见的优势蓝藻,所引发的水华会使湖水变混浊,透明度下降;藻类腐败产生难闻的腥臭味,释放微囊藻毒素,影响水质安全.依据2011-2016年洪泽湖11个监测站点的监测资料,分析了洪泽湖微囊藻属组成及时空变化规律.结果表明,洪泽湖共检出微囊藻属4种,其中惠氏微囊藻、铜绿微囊藻出现频率较高且优势度较大,种群密度在夏秋季节明显高于冬春季节点;在空间分布上,成子湖区域、蒋坝等闸湾区域明显高于其他区域.最后提出了洪泽湖微囊藻属不同演替模式、不同分布规律全湖泊预警应急措施,为保障南水北调东线工程水质及饮用水安全、防控湖泊水华发生提供借鉴.%Microcystis is a common blooms of freshwater lakes,and is also a common advantage of cyanobacteria in the summer and autumn of Hongze Lake.Microcystis blooms will make the water become turbid,transparency decreased.And algae corruption will produce unpleasant stench and release microcystins which will affect water quality safety.The study analyzed the composition and time and spatial variation of Microcystis in Hongze Lake according to the monitoring data of 11 monitoring sites from 2011 to 2016.A total of 4 species of Microcystis were detected in Hongze Lake.Among them,Microcystis wesenbergii and Microcystis aeruginosa were higher frequency and had higher dominance.In the time distribution,the cell density of Microcystis was significantly higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring.In the spatial distribution,Chengzi Lake area and Jiangba area were significantly higher than other areas.The emergency measures of the whole lake for different succession patterns and different distribution laws of Microcystis in Hongze Lake were put forward.The study can provide a reference for the protection of water quality and drinking water safety in the east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project,and also can provide reference for the prevention and control of lake water bloom.