“十二五”期间湘江株洲段水环境健康风险评价

摘要

Water environmental health risk assessment for Zhuzhou Reach in Xiangjiang River was conducted based on the water environment health risk analysis model and monitoring date during the years of 2011-2015.The result shows that:①)Ranking of average risk deriving from non-gene toxic substances via drinking water was fluoride,Cu,Pb,NH3,Hg,cyanide,hydroxybenzene,and the ranking of average risk due to gene toxic substances via drinking water was As,Cr6+,Cd on the whole.②)Health risk for individual person caused by gene toxic substances was far greater than that of non-gene toxic substances.Therefore,gene toxic substances should be afforded prior attention.As for nongene toxic substances,fluoride was the highest priority pollutant among the 4 controlling sections for water quality in the Zhuzhou Reach of Xiangjiang River.③)Total heath risk caused by all pollutants for the 4 sections during the period of the 12th five-year-plan was higher than the value recommended by ICRP.The results can provide important information for water quality management and protection in the Zhuzhou Reach of Xiangjiang River.%根据2011-2015年湘江株洲段水质监测资料,对朱亭、枫溪、白石和霞湾4个水质断面的环境健康风险状况进行评价.结果表明:①躯体毒物质的个人年风险大小排列为氟化物、铜、铅、氨氮、汞、氰化物、酚,而基因毒物质的个人年风险大小排序为砷、六价铬、镉;②基因毒物质所产生的健康风险远超过躯体毒物质,基因毒物质为各断面的优先控制污染物,氟化物为躯体毒物质中优先控制污染物;③“十二五”期间,4个断面经由饮水途径所致健康危害的个人年总风险,均超过国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受值.该评价结论对于指导湘江株洲段水环境风险管理具有参考价值.