沅水五强溪水库斑点叉尾鮰的染色体组型分析

摘要

[Objective] To understand the somatic cells karyotype of introduced alien species Ictalurus punctatus in Wuqiangxi Reservoir of Yuanshui River.[Method] After intrapleural injection of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and colchicine, live renal cells were sampled to make chromosome specimen by low-permeability, fixation and flame-drying technique.The karyotype of introduced alien species I.punctatus in Wuqiangxi Reservoir of Yuanshui River were analyzed.[Result] The diploid number(2N) of metaphase chromosomes in I.punctatus was 58, which matched 29 pairs of chromosomes, including 4 pairs of metacentric chromosomes, 5 pairs of submetacentric chromosomes, 13 pairs of subtelocentric and 7 pairs of telocentric chromosomes.The karyotype formula of I.punctatus was 2N=8M+10SM+26ST+14T,NF=76.[Conclusion] The research can provide references for germplasm resources' protection and genetic improvement and basic data for further discussion on the effects of introduced alien species I.punctatus on the genetic diversity of local similar species.%[目的]了解沅水五强溪水库引进外来物种斑点叉尾鮰的体细胞染色体组型.[方法] 采用植物血球凝集素和秋水仙素胸腔注射,取活体肾细胞低渗、固定、火焰干燥法制作染色体标本,对沅水五强溪水库引进外来物种斑点叉尾鮰的染色体核型进行分析.[结果] 斑点叉尾鮰中期染色体二倍体数为2N =58,染色体配成29对,其中中部着丝点染色体4对,亚中部着丝点染色体5对,亚端部着丝点染色体13对,端部着丝点染色体7对.核型公式为2N =8M+10SM+26ST+14T,染色体臂数(NF)=76.[结论] 该研究可为洞庭湖区斑点叉尾鮰的种质资源保护、遗传育种改良提供参考依据,也为进一步探讨引进外来种对本地相近物种的遗传多样性影响提供基础性资料.