土壤微生物区系是衡量土壤生物肥力及其健康状况的重要生物学指标.为研究生防菌剂与有机肥复配对植烟土壤微生物区系的影响,通过田间小区试验,采取双因素完全组合设计试验,测定不同处理下各时期植烟土壤中细菌、放线菌、真菌的数量.结果表明,生防菌剂与有机肥复配能增加植烟土壤细菌、放线菌的数量,减少真菌数量.菌剂与牛粪复配在烤烟旺长期和成熟期细菌数量比单施牛粪增加101％和276％;菌剂与氨基酸有机肥和牛粪复配土壤放线菌数量远高于其他处理,尤其是旺长期氨基酸有机肥复配高出其他处理205.2×104～277.3×104 cfu/g.菌剂与虾肽有机肥复配对土壤真菌抑制效果最好,真菌数量在烤烟生长周期均处于较低水平.综上,生防菌剂与牛粪复配能有效改善植烟土壤微生物区系,使其由"真菌型"向"细菌型"转变,是适合攀枝花烟区施用生防菌剂和有机肥的最佳组合方式.%Soil microbial flora is an important biological index to measure soil biological fertility and health status. The paper aims to study the effects of the combination of biocontrol agents and organic fertilizers on the microflora of tobacco planting soil. In field plot experiments, we designed tests with two factors and complete combination, determined the number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in tobacco soil of different treatments in different periods. The results showed that: the combination of biocontrol agent and organic fertilizer could roughly increase the number of bacteria and actinomycetes, and reduce the number of fungi in tobacco planting soil. In flue-cured flourishing period and maturity period, the number of bacteria under the combination of microbial inoculum and cow manure increased by 101％ and 276％ over cow manure alone. Under the combination of microbial inoculum and cow manure or amino acid organic fertilizer, the number of actinomycetes was much more than that of other tests, especially during the boom period, the number of actinomycetes under the combination of microbial inoculum and amino acid organic fertilizer was higher than that of other treatments by 205.2×104-277.3×104 cfu/g. The combination of microbial inoculum and the shrimp peptide organic fertilizer had the best effect on soil fungi inhibiting, the number of fungi in flue-cured tobacco growth cycle was at a low level. In summary, the combination of biocontrol agent and cow manure can effectively improve the microflora of tobacco planting soil, change it from'fungal type' to'bacterial type'. It is the most suitable combination for Panzhihua tobacco area.
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