棉花甜瓜间作棵间蒸发及水分利用效率研究

摘要

To establish high-efficient water saving intercropping patterns,a field experiment was conducted to investigate soil evaporation characteristics and water use efficiency under intercropping systems.The results showed that,the daily soil evaporation and total soil evaporation under high irrigation level of intercropping treatment was higher than that of other treatments;with increasing irrigation,total water consumption increased under intercropping treatments.Average daily soil evaporation was positively correlated with water content in the 0-30 cm soil profile;although evaporation and water consumption in intercropping system increase with increasing irrigation quota,overall WUE actually decreases.In general,keep the soil water content was 65% of field maximum capacity can not affect yield and economic efficiency,reduce invalid evaporation,and improve water use efficiency.%为了建立高效节水的间作种植模式,通过大田试验研究了不同土壤水分水平下棉花间作甜瓜的棵间蒸发特性和水分利用效率。结果表明,高土壤水分处理的日均棵间蒸发量和总棵间蒸发量都明显大于其他处理;随着土壤含水量的提高,总耗水量明显增加;作物的日均棵间蒸发量与0～30cm的土壤含水量呈正相关关系;棉花甜瓜间作全生育期的棵间蒸发量、耗水量随土壤水分的提高而增加,但WUE随土壤含水量的增加而降低。总的来看,保持土壤含水量为田间持水量的65%（IM）可以在不影响总体产量和经济效益的情况下,减少无效蒸发,提高水分利用效率。