The aim is to provide a basis for water saving and high yield cultivation of wheat. In the condition of pond culture, the effects of different combinations of soil fertility and irrigation on the photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield of medium-gluten wheat'Jimai 22'and strong-gluten wheat'Jimai20' were studied. The results showed that Pn, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm (the maximum photochemical efficiency) and ФPSⅡ(actual photochemical efficiency) of flag leaf after anthesis were promoted with the increase of soil fertility and irrigation amount. The effect of fertility on photosynthetic characteristics was more significant than that of irrigation. With the increase of soil fertility, the starting time of Pn and ФPS Ⅱ declining delayed gradually. The improvement of soil fertility was useful to reduce the inhibition of photosynthesis by environmental stress. There was a compensation effect between soil fertility and irrigation for the influence on the yield and yield composition of the two wheat cultivars. Under high soil fertility, the yield differences of the two wheat cultivars were not significant between limited irrigation and full irrigation conditions.Improving soil fertility could relief the declining photosynthetic character index due to insufficient irrigation, and sustain a higher level of photosynthetic product accumulation at later growth stage.%旨在为小麦节水高产栽培提供理论依据.在池栽条件下,研究了不同土壤肥力和灌水量组合对中筋小麦'济麦22'和强筋小麦'济麦20'旗叶净光合速率(Pn)、叶绿素荧光参数及产量构成的影响.2种小麦开花后各生育时期旗叶的光合速率Pn值、叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm值(PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量)和ФPSⅡ值(PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量)均随着土壤肥力和灌水量的增加而提高,但土壤肥力因素对上述光合特性指标的影响大于灌水方式因素.随着土壤肥力的提高,Pn和ФPSⅡ开始下降的时间逐渐向后延迟,提高土壤肥力有利于减轻环境胁迫对光合的抑制作用.对于2种小麦的产量和产量构成的影响,土壤肥力和灌水方式之间具有补偿效应.在土壤肥力较高的条件下,2种小麦限量灌溉和充分灌溉之间产量差异并不显著.培肥地力可以减缓小麦灌水不足导致的光合性能指标的下降,维持生育后期较高的光合产物积累水平.
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