三维编织与层合复合材料力学性能对比试验

摘要

对比研究利用相同碳纤维、基体和相同制备工艺（RTM）加工的三维多向编织和层合板复合材料的力学性能。四种三维多向编织结构分别利用三维四向、三维五向、三维六向和三维七向编织工艺制备；三种层合复合材料利用帘子布制成，分别为0°单向板、90°单向板和层合板[0／（±45）2／90]2s。采用相同的拉伸、压缩和剪切试验方法对各类试样进行试验。结果表明：与三维编织试样相比，0°单向板的拉伸和压缩性能最高，而其他层合试样的各项性能均较低；对于编织试样，编织角越小，纵向拉伸和压缩性能越高，剪切性能越低；编织结构也是影响编织试样力学性能的重要因素。同时，对试样的破坏模式也进行了讨论，发现编织结构和编织角是影响材料破坏模式的重要因素。%The mechanical properties between three-dimensional (3D)braided and laminated composites were comparatively studied. These two sorts of composites were produced by the same carbon fiber,resin matrix and the same preparation process (RTM).There were totally four kinds of 3D multi-directionally braided composites,which contain 3D four-direction (3D4d ),3D five-direction (3D5d),3D six-direction (3D6d)and 3D seven-direction (3D7d)braiding respectively.And the three kinds of laminated composites manufactured utilizing tire cord fabric were 0°,90°and[0 /(45)2 /90]2s laminates.The mechanical properties of braided and laminat-ed specimens were measured by the same tension,compression and shear testing methods.The results show that the properties of lami-nated composites are worse than that of 3D-braided composite except 0°unidirectional laminates.As to the braided composites,the smaller the braiding angle is,the better longitudinal properties and worse shear properties are.The braiding fabric is also an important factor which affects the mechanical properties.Meanwhile,the failure modes were also discussed,and the results show that,braiding fabric and the braiding angle are the main factors that affect the failure mode.