妊娠期糖尿病筛查与母婴结局的相关分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the influence of gestational diabetes screening in maternal and infant outcomes. Method A retro-spective analysis in the hospital to do routine prenatal examination and hospital childbirth,820 cases of pregnant and parturient women, through glucose tolerance test(OGTT)diagnosis of 143 patients with gestational diabetes,as GDM group;Screening for pregnant women, 677 cases of normal glucose tolerance,as control group. To observe the effects of two groups of pregnant women in maternal and infant out-comes. Results The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)was 17. 4% ,the GDM group of patients with gestational hypertension disease,premature rupture of membranes,postpartum hemorrhage and cesarean section rates were significantly higher than that of control group,the difference was statistically significant(P ﹤ 0. 05);GDM patients of neonatal hypoglycemia,macrosomia,fetal distress and neo-natal asphyxia rate were significantly higher than that of control group,the difference was statistically significant ( P ﹤ 0. 05 ) . Conclusion Diabetes screening for pregnant women to early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),the majority of GDM pa-tients by reasonable diet and appropriate exercise therapy,it can control blood sugar in satisfaction,thus reduce the maternal complications and improve the pregnancy outcome.%目的：探讨妊娠期糖尿病筛查对母婴结局的影响。方法：回顾性分析常规产前检查并住院分娩孕产妇820例，通过进行葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）诊断为妊娠期糖尿病患者143例，作为 GDM 组；糖耐量筛查正常孕妇677例，作为对照组。观察两组孕妇对母婴结局的影响。结果：妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）发病率为17.4％，GDM 组患者妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、产后出血、剖宫产发生率均明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P ﹤0.05）；GDM 组患者新生儿低血糖、巨大儿、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息发生率均明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P ﹤0.05）。结论：对孕妇进行糖尿病筛查能够早期诊断妊娠期糖尿病（GDM），多数 GDM 患者经合理饮食控制和适当运动治疗，均能控制血糖在满意范围，从而降低母婴并发症的发生，改善妊娠结局。