江苏省1994－2013年新登记麻风病例流行病学分析

摘要

Objective To discuss epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of leprosy in Jiangsu Province in re-cent 20 years;to provide scientific basis for effective implementation of Program for Eliminating the Harm of Leprosy in Jiang-su Province.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze newly registered leprosy case information re-ported in Jiangsu Province from 1994 to 2013.Results On average,46.40 new cases were reported annually in Jiangsu Prov-ince in past 20 years.The number of newly registered patients declined from 611 cases to 317 cases for past 2 decades.Patients identified in north part of Jiangsu Province accounted for 54.35%,64.33% were identified from January to June,69.72%were discovered in dermatology clinics.No child cases were reported in past decades.Average age,proportion of MB cases and floating population of confirmed cases rose in past 2 decades.The average delay of early diagnostic indicators was 28.27 months,32.75% were confirmed as 2nd degree disability and deformity,which dropped significantly in last 2 years.Conclusion The prevalence of leprosy in Jiangsu Province descended in a steady manner in last 20 years.In order to fulfill the goal of Program for Eliminating the Harm of Leprosy in Jiangsu Province,surveillance of leprosy symptoms should be used as major measures.In addition,more attention should be paid to the training quality for medical staffs on leprosy knowledge.Early di-agnosis capability should be improved;required human resources and funds should be guaranteed.%目的：探讨江苏省近20年麻风病流行特征及其影响因素，为有效实施消除麻风病危害规划提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法，对1994－2013年江苏省历年新登记麻风病例资料进行分析。结果江苏省近20年年均新登记麻风病46.40例，新登记病人数前10年为611例，近10年下降至317例；病人发现数苏北地区占54.35％，1－6月发现的占64.33％，皮肤科门诊发现的占69.72％；全省近10年无儿童病例，新病例确诊时平均年龄、型比、流动人口病例比例等数值较前10年上升；早期发现指标平均诊断延迟期28.27月、2级畸残比为32.75％，但近2年降幅明显。结论江苏省近20年麻风病呈低流行平稳下降态势，仍须以麻风病症状监测为手段，注重对各类医务人员麻风病防治知识培训及质量，提高病人早发现水平，保证人员和经费投入，以实现消除麻风病危害规划目标。